The Human and Machine, 2022-23 OpenAI, ChatGPT, Quillbot, Grammarly, Google, Google Docs & humans*

With the release of generative text and image-based tools like Midjourney and ChatGPT in 2022, discussions about artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on design, design education, and research have moved from the periphery to the forefront. These powerful tools, often open-access beta versions, have transformed speculative dialogue into a present reality. Their sophisticated and intuitive user interfaces facilitate the speedy and proficient generation of text, and image-based content, enabling designers, educators, and learners to simultaneously discover the dangers and possibilities of generative AI technologies. To explore the unique powers of both generative AI and human cognition, the author uses autoethnography, AI writing assistants, and generative AI technology to develop a story of practice. The narrative is informed by, and ultimately supports the scholarly literature that emphasizes the need for humans to take responsibility for the equitable and ethical use of AI. This includes initiating and guiding AI systems, critically evaluating their responses, and reformulating, editing, and verifying outputs to address factual inaccuracies, misleading information, or offensive and biased content.

Introduction: Do we really want a return to normal?

Governments in many nations responded to these upheavals with public spending programmes on vaccines and medical equipment, and financial support for businesses and workers during lockdowns and public safety mandates. Taking a visual approach to borders, through the photographic self-representations of the study's participants, Biglin finds that legal status and a sense of belonging, being at home in one's space, do not correspond. BRETT NICHOLLS is Head of Media, Film and Communication at the University of Otago in New Zealand.

POLICY OF RAISING THE CAPACITY OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTS FOR MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCIES

Local self-governments (LSGs) cannot effectively manage emergencies. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to find action policies that would facilitate the increase of capacities of LSGs in such situations. The starting point for defining the policy was collecting data on the current abilities and capacities of LSGs in AP Vojvodina. The research covered 40% of the total number of LSGs and more than 64% of the population in the AP of Vojvodina. A combined open-ended survey questionnaire was constructed for data collection. The data was collected in field conditions through online procedures, direct sending of written surveys, and direct discussion of project implementation leaders. The statistical analysis of data identified that the legal aspect of LSGs and emergencies was not harmonized with other institutional documents at the level of LSGs. Most LSGs had serious difficulties in managing emergencies, especially civil protection. The platform is envisaged to facilitate raising the prevention capacity of LSGs by integrating all relevant information to provide early warnings and indications for implementing corresponding organizational, technical, and economic measures to deal with emergencies.

A Comparative Analysis of Black American Student Experiences and International Student Experiences During the Initial Months of the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic created an indelible mark on K-12 education - specifically, high school students transitioning to college and career. The global scope of this pandemic presented an opportunity to compare how high school cultures across the world adapted to the emergency. Further, news reports highlighted how communities of color were more susceptible to the pandemic. To better understand how the Black student experience in middle America compared to that of other students from the global community in responding to pandemic-related educational disruption, I used Krippendorffs content analysis procedures (2018) and a phenomenological interview process to gather and analyze data from 17 Black American high school students and 35 teachers. The central research question was: What are the experiences of Black students in middle America regarding educational disruption when compared to the experiences of high school students in other countries? The findings revealed that globally both students and teachers were primarily concerned with educational quality, teacher preparedness and substandard Internet service. Findings from twelve other countries confirmed that diminished Internet access and teacher unpreparedness were essential problems. However, Finnish districts which relied on government support seamlessly progressed through the interruptions in March 2020.

La literatura especulativa en tiempos de pandemia y ecofeminismo

En consecuencia, nos aferramos a la idea de lo especulativo, y se resignifican problemáticas que en la actual pandemia adquieren otras dimensiones, como las formas de habitar el mundo, los usos y la organización del espacio doméstico y del espacio social, nuevas cartografías, sistemas políticos y de control, pestes y plagas, debacles ecológicas y sanitarias. Dada la importancia que este grupo y sus propuestas han tenido en el contexto literario y ecofeminista en los últimos años, invitamos a Claudia Aboaf a escribir el epílogo de este dossier para dar cuenta de las ideas centrales de su mirada. (222) Esta es una cuestión que creíamos que se revisaría con mayor fuerza como consecuencia de la pandemia;no obstante, solo se puede observar un aumento de la conciencia ecológica en algunos sectores, que no ha llegado a impactar aún a gran escala. El artículo de Lucía Vazquez, "Catástrofe y vínculos: inundación y desertificación en Gongue, 'Quema,' El rey del agua y El ojo y la flor" propone un recorrido por estas obras distópicas para explorar en ellas los modos en que se imagina la catástrofe ecológica y las consecuentes transformaciones del espacio social e individual.

Taking on the "new normal”: emerging psychologists' reflections on the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeCoronavirus (COVID-19) rapidly became the "new normal” with profound implications for everyone's daily life. In this paper, emerging psychologists from diverse cultural backgrounds discuss four main ways in which COVID-19 impacted diverse psychological populations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper was written as a reflection on how COVID-19 has impacted diverse psychological populations using authors' academic and personal experiences.FindingsFirst, the authors explore inaccessible populations with a focus on domestic violence victims living in rural areas. Second, the authors consider consequences of social isolation with a focus on remote workers. Third, the authors investigate the consequences of public (dis)trust in the pandemic with a focus on migrant worker communities. Finally, the authors discuss pandemic-relevant subcultures with a focus on "anti-vaxxers”.Social implicationsThe paper concludes with a discussion of negative implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on diverse psychological populations, both for the present and the future, and ends with an action plan of possible interventions to overcome these limitations.Originality/valueOverall, the current paper provides a broad overview of how the pandemic has shaped and will continue to shape diverse psychological populations.

El año de la rata: umbrales entre lo distópico y lo eutópico en tiempos de pandemia

Esta semantización de la malignidad abarca un conjunto de condiciones previas- causados por acción humana y, a la vez, situados fuera del alcance de la intervención individual-que son un síntoma de tales aflicciones sociales sostenidas en el tiempo (2). Una paradoja emerge en esta reflexión cuando se instala la duda: "What if there was a kind of structural evil in that which today produces and conditions the human species, including-or in fact, first-where they appear comfortable and always conquering?" [¿Y si hubiera un mal estructural en eso que hoy produce y condiciona la especie humana, incluyendo-o, de hecho, en primer lugar-donde aparece cómoda y siempre dominadora?] (11). En este sentido, Mukherjee afirma: "The status quo is the fatal hyper-convergence of the paroxysm (ecological, technological, political, biological etc.) [...] The idea of totality and the idea of transformation are intimately tied" [El estatus quo es la hiperconvergencia fatal del paroxismo (ecológico, tecnológico, político, biológico etc.) [.]

A Línguamãe – Oficina de Leitura e Escrita sobre Literatura e Maternidade como espaço de resistência e pensamento das mães na pandemia

As novas regras sociais estabelecidas pela pandemia de covid-19 conduziram um grande contingente de mulheres ao extremo dos seus limites físicos e emocionais. A Oficina de Leitura e Escrita sobre Literatura e Maternidade Línguamãe é uma iniciativa de duas mães, escritoras e brasileiras expatriadas: uma em Portugal, a outra nos Estados Unidos, porém, ambas sob o mesmo território do isolamento prolongado (o puerpério seguido da pandemia). Apesar de isoladas, as mulheres, em especial as mulheres-mães, ainda mais as mulheres-mães-escritoras permaneceram juntas, falaram o mesmo idioma, pois ser mãe é uma nacionalidade em si. A leitura e escrita sobre a maternidade neste momento distópico não as salva das dificuldades, mas convida a encontrar na literatura um refúgio que as ajuda a atravessar esta tormenta, criando identificação, acolhimento e servindo como ferramenta de elaboração artística.

Hearing Happiness: Deafness Cures in History by Jaipreet Virdi (review)

The book begins with bacterial meningitis, an infection the author contracted in early childhood that left her with "profound-to-severe" hearing loss (Virdi, 7). Not only do we see her as a scholar in the archive, requesting permission to try a Victorian ear trumpet, we also see her as a child with her d/Deaf classmates, being fitted for hearing aids "as we squirmed and giggled when the wet silicone mold was injected into our ears," and as an adult, experiencing difficulty switching from analog to digital hearing aids (258). When Virdi's first pair of behindthe-ear hearing aids make her six-year-old ears stick out, and her hair "tied in a long braid as per the Sikh tradition, did little to disguise them," it is the hearing aids, not the braid, that provoke "snickers, puzzled glances, and finger-pointing from younger children" (18).

Five Years Lost: Youth Inclusion in the Rohingya Response

While youth are routinely lauded as "change-makers,” they are often underserved and unsupported in refugee responses. As the Rohingya face protracted displacement in Bangladesh, what is the state of youth inclusion in the response? Do youth and adolescents feel supported, or are they ignored and left behind?To answer these questions, the paper uses: Literature on youth participation and inclusion in humanitarian programming;Key informant interviews with practitioners from national and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and UN agencies;Focus group discussions and key informant interviews with refugee individuals and groups across nine camps for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. It finds that: Refugee Rohingya youth and adolescents remain firmly on the margins of humanitarian programming, and are largely excluded from decision-making processes;Approximately 96 percent of surveyed youth between 18 and 24 years of age report being unemployed;For surveyed women aged 18–24 years, unemployment rates bordered on 99 percent;and Stress and anxiety are omnipresent amongst the community: an overwhelming majority of respondents reported experiencing disturbing thoughts and resorting to negative coping mechanisms. The paper ends with a series of recommendations to the Strategic Executive Group (SEG) and the Inter-Sector Coordination Group (ISCG), to donors, the international community, and the government of Bangladesh. 1

Chalk Dust in the Wind: An Examination of the Demoralized Teacher

Teacher burnout is now a significant issue in K-12 schools due to an unparalleled global COVID-19 pandemic. However, this burnout has roots in the demoralization of the teaching workforce, which is nothing new to the profession. This paper focuses on bringing light to the underlying reasons for this demoralization, steeped in classroom realities and the very nature of the profession. The paper draws on findings from an examination of research in order to show that teachers are largely demoralized due to their historically devalued status, the isolation and stress inherent in the profession, and the very "semi-profession" upon which the field stands. The analysis shows that something more is needed to fill the cup of teachers, who are beaten down by these historical and modern-day realities. The paper argues that relational trust may be one of those cup-filling modalities and concludes by suggesting that a century of recycled reforms calls for deeper and bolder action, and most particularly ones that bolster respect, personal regard, competence, and integrity.

Ciudad, medio ambiente y covid: contradicciones ontológicas

Con la pandemia de covid, el ser humano como sujeto-colectivo y la ciudad como espacio público de esa colectividad se vieron cuestionados ante el imperativo del sano confinamiento en estrechos espacios privados. Estas paradojas y su relación con el medio ambiente motivan aquí la reflexión de Sergio Puente.

EXPRESIONES LITERARIAS SOBRE LA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19: IRRUPCIONES DE LA OTREDAD EN "THE WUHAN I KNOW" (LAURA GAO) Y "YOU CLAP FOR ME NOW" (DARREN SMITH)

The crisis uncovered profound changes in human and social interactions, among them, the processes of oppression and segregation towards immigrants and ethnic minorities were accentuated. Based on the relationship between otherness/pandemic, this paper proposes the analysis of two texts: "You Clap for Me Now", a poem by Darren Smith, and "The Wuhan I know", a graphic memoir by Laura Gao. Sin embargo, encontramos antecedentes que analizan este género desde su estatuto como representación social y simbólica de las epidemias. En el mismo sentido, Cynthia Davis (2002), en "Contagion as Metaphor", señala la textura simbólica de la literatura de epidemias: plagas, virus y pestes se enriquecen de significados y se convierten en construcciones textuales metafóricas de un estado de crisis social.

Communities of Care: The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction

Though clearly begun before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the book is mindful of other recent challenges to change the way we care for others in our communities, including the changing conditions of academic labor. In chapter 1, she asks us to think about the particular historical conditions, and transhistorical resources, of the kind of care communities that flourished before disease was the target of professionalized, medical advice. In an era when care and protest, politics and psychic survival have gone hand-in-hand, it is more urgent than ever to engage in broad conversation-including the longstanding, ongoing conversation about the politics of care within Black and Indigenous feminisms-with others who, from many different starting points, are all finding ways to follow through on Saidiya Hartman's oft-cited statement that "care is the antidote to violence" (In the Wake: A Salon in Honor of Christina Sharpe, 2017).

Cuidados, transformaciones familiares y desigualdades de género en contexto de COVID-19. El caso de las docentes-madres de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina

El artículo indaga acerca de las prácticas familiares en el contexto de covid-19 en Argentina, analiza las estrategias para sostener las prácticas profesionales y el trabajo de cuidados desde el relato de docentes argentinas. Metodológicamente se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres de diferente condición civil, con hijos o hijas menores de 12 años, durante el período de pandemia que inició en marzo de 2020 con el Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (aspo), hasta diciembre 2021 donde aún rige el Distanciamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (dispo). Entre los hallazgos puede mencionarse que la experiencia iniciada en el contexto por covid-19 supuso transformaciones en las relaciones laborales y en los procesos de cuidado, lo que produjo disrupciones y cambios en las prácticas familiares, donde persisten desigualdades de género, limitaciones para el desarrollo laboral, imperativos, preocupaciones y malestares con impacto diferencial en las mujeres. El artículo aporta a considerar el trabajo sostenido por docentes-madres como una actividad que, pese a no haber sido considerada esencial, no admitió discontinuidades y ello tuvo consecuencias en los arreglos familiares. Analizamos de este modo la estructura sexual y generizada de los cuidados, la cual se ha visto intensificada en momentos de pandemia, aunque no ha implicado mayores márgenes de reconocimiento.

El coronavirus visto a través del lente demográfico

Desde la perspectiva de las matemáticas, de la estadística en particular y de la demografía, Manuel Ordorica trata de seguir la pista al comportamiento de la covid, así como de explicar la percepción pública de la pandemia y la respuesta tardía de algunos gobiernos y sectores de la población para hacerle frente.

El Censo de Población en México, el coronavirus y un mundo de casi 8 mil millones de habitantes

A partir de las cifras que arroja el reciente Censo de Población levantado en México, Manuel Ordorica voltea hacia el pasado y se detiene en el presente para plantear las perspectivas poblacionales del país y los temas que marcarán la agenda demográfica del siglo xxi.

China y la covid

Como en los tiempos triunfales del maoísmo, la funcionalidad y eficiencia del régimen chino se probaron como exitosas frente a la pandemia, pues lograron su rápido control, pero también el de su población y su territorio, incluida la excolonia británica Hong Kong.